Legal Regulation of The Reliability and Quality of Translations of Official Documents and Texts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i11.1330Keywords:
translator, legal translation, reliability of translations, quality of translations, notarization, court proceedings, sworn translatorAbstract
Objective: Given that law is a subject area associated with the socio-political and cultural specifics of the given country, the translation of documents and texts of official nature poses a challenging task. Among translators, it is considered one of the most difficult types of translation, as the target language must be particularly precise, clear, and reliable to adequately convey the presented information. The goal of the study is to identify problems in legal regulation of the reliability and quality of translation of official documents and texts and to offer recommendations on their elimination.
Methods: The established research goal is achieved through the methods of document analysis and expert survey.
Results: The paper identifies the linguistic problems that arise in the process of translation of legal texts and official documents, existing gaps and shortcomings in legal regulation, and measures to improve the process and quality of the translation of legal texts and official documents.
Conclusion: Gaps and shortcomings in the legal regulation of translations of legal texts and official documents, especially as applied to Russia, include insufficient legal regulation over the notarization of translations of official documents, the lack of certification or special legal status for translators, and legal regulation of disputable situations.
References
Adygezalova, G., Faroi, T., Kovalеva V., Yakovleva-Chernysheva, A., & Morozova, O. (2023). Funciones y formas de aplicación del poder judicial en la doctrina jurídica rusa [Functions and forms of implementation of judicial power in the Russian legal doctrine]. Justicia, 28(43), 33-42.
Afanasev, M. V. (2019). Ugolovno-pravovaia kharakteristika poniatiia “sostoianie opianeniia” v otechestvennom i zarubezhnom ugolovnom prave: XVIII v. – nachalo XX v. [Criminal law characteristic of the concept of “state of intoxication” in domestic and foreign criminal law: XVIII v. – beginning of the XX century]. Legal Bulletin, 4(1), 22-28.
Afanasev, M. V. (2020). Zarubezhnyi opyt ugolovno-ispolnitelnogo zakonodatelstva stran sodruzhestva nezavisimykh gosudarstv po ispolneniiu nakazaniia v vide lisheniia prava zanimat opredelennye dolzhnosti ili zanimatsia opredelennoi deiatelnostiu [Foreign experience of the criminal-executive legislation the Commonwealth of Independent States countries on punishment execution in the form of deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or to engage in certain activities]. Legal Bulletin, 5(2), 41-48.
Annushkin, V. I., Shalamova, T. V., & Shtukareva, E. B. (2021). Zhanr novogodnikh pozdravitelnykh tekstov v sotsialnykh setiakh [Genre of New Year greetings in social networks]. Zanry Reci, 2(3), 144-153.
Avdeev, V., Rozenko, S., Bulygin, A., Aksenov, A., & Kalabuzarov, T. (2023). Information space and society: Exploring negative trends, ideological influence, and strategies for sustainable development. Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual, 2(40), 1-18.
Babintseva, E., Kartseva, E., Mansur, D., & Trifonova, E. (2023). Linguistic means of manipulation in English fiction: B. Shaw’s works. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(6), 1394-1402. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1306.07
Bajčić, M., & Dobrić Basaneže, K. (2016). Towards the professionalization of legal translators and court interpreters in the EU: Introduction and overview. In M. Bajčić, & K. Dobrić Basaneže (Eds.), Towards the professionalization of legal translators and court interpreters in the EU (pp. 1-11). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Borodina, A. V. (2019). Notarialnyi perevod v svete problematiki iuridicheskogo perevoda: Istoricheskii kontekst i sovremennye problemy [Notary translation in the light of legal translation: Historical context and contemporary challenges]. Vestnik TvGU Series: Philology, 4, 225-231.
Borodina, A. V. (2020). Notarialnyi perevod v svete razvitiia instituta sudebnykh (prisiazhnykh) perevodchikov: Kamo griadeshi? [Notarized translation in the light of court interpreters (sworn translators) institution development: Whither goest thou?]. Translation Industry, 1, 37-43.
Bushev, A. B. (2011). Voprosy iuridicheskogo perevoda [Issues of legal translation]. In Iazyk i pravo: Aktualnye problemy vzaimodeistviia. Materials of the International scientific and practical internet conference (pp. 27-36). Rostov-on-Don: Rosizdat.
Chibisova, E. Iu. (2009). Pravovoe regulirovanie deiatelnosti perevodchika [Legal regulation of the work of a translator]. Almanac of Modern Science and Education, 7(26), Part 2, 153-157.
Chirkov, D., Plohih, G., Kapustina, D., & Vasyukov, V. (2022). Opportunities for using digital data in evidence for criminal cases. Revista Juridica, 4(71), 364-380.
Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. (Hague, October 5, 1961). http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&link_id=0&nd=203003428&collection=1
Dolgopolov, K., Ivanov, S., Kuzminov, D., Burkin, D., & Smyr, S. (2023). Methodology of Russian criminal law science and its characteristics. Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual, 1(39), e06262.
Ertl, A., & Pöllabauer, S. (2010). Training (medical) interpreters – The key to good practice. MedInt: A joint European training perspective. Journal of Specialised Translation, 14, 165-193.
Framer, I. (2005). Interpreters as officer of the court: Scope and limitations of practice. Proteus, The Newsletter of the National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators, 14(2), 3-5.
Gamzatov, M. G. (2004). Tekhnika i spetsifika iuridicheskogo perevoda: Sb. statei [Techniques and specifics of the legal terminology translation: Collected articles]. St. Petersburg: Faculty of Philology of St. Petersburg State University, 184 p.
Gavrilov, B. Y., Voronin, M. Y., Sizova, V. N., Lapin, V. O., & Demidova-Petrova, E. V. (2022). Tendencias del complejo jurídico-penal en relación a la consolidación legislativa de la categoría de contraversión [Trends of the criminal-legal complex in relation to the legislative consolidation of the misdemeanor category]. Jurídicas CUC, 18(1), 183-198. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.18.1.2022.08
Gonzales-Quispe, R., Robles, E. D. A., Elena, C. R. N., Vila, R. M. C., Tarazona, M. R. P., & Luy-Montejo, C. A. (2023). Credibility of Testimony in the Psychological Expertise of Victims of Violence: A Systematic Review. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), e421. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.421
Gurinovich, A. G., & Petrykina, N. I. (2021). Características del desarrollo de la Institución de Servicio Público: Experiencia Internacional y su aplicación en Rusia [Specifics of developing the Institution of Public Service: International Experience and its application in Russia]. Jurídicas CUC, 17(1), 253-276. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.17.1.2021.09
Hale, S. (2003). Some questions answered about court interpreting. The Critical Link - A Quarterly Journal Dedicated to Interpreting in the Social, Health Care and Legal Sectors, 1, 20-24.
Kinderknekht, A. S. (2015). Osobennosti perevoda iuridicheskikh tekstov [Specific issues in legal translation]. Scientific Notes of Orel State University. Philology, 5(68), 123-127.
Korotaeva, I., & Chuksina, O. (2020). Perspectives on the improving quality of language education: The case of Moscow Aviation Institute. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(8), 3392-3397. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080812
Larin, A. A., & Obidina, L. B. (2016). Uchastie perevodchika v sude i na dosudebnykh stadiiakh protsessa: Problemy i puti ikh resheniia [Court and prejudicial translators and interpreters: Problems and potential solutions]. Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod, 3, 143-147.
Larin, A. A., & Obidina, L. B. (2020). Pravovoe regulirovanie sudebnogo perevoda v Rossii i ES: Obshchie problemy i puti resheniia [Legal framework of court translation and interpreting in Russia and EU: Similar problems and solutions]. Legality and Legal Order, 1, 10-14.
Levitan, K. M. (2011). Iuridicheskii perevod: Osnovy teorii i praktiki [Legal translation: Basics of theory and practice]. Moscow: Prospekt; Ekaterinburg: Publishing house “Uralskaia gosudarstvennaia iuridicheskaia akademiia”, 352 p.
Member States of the Council of Europe. (1992). European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of November 5, 1992, No. 148. https://rm.coe.int/1680695175
Mukhachev, I., Gondarenko, A., Gryaznov, D., Avanesova, A., Abgarov, S. (2023). Role of Positive Law in Preventing Regulatory Inflation. Revista Juridica, 3(75), 332-345.
Oziumenko, V. I. (2015). Polisemantichnost angliiskoi iuridicheskoi leksiki kak problema perevoda [Polysemy of English legal lexis and the problems of translation]. RUDN Journal, 2, 92-94.
Pisenko, K. A., & Botvinnik, S. L. (2020). Protección contra la imposición de cláusulas abusivas por parte de la posición dominante en la legislación rusa: Aspectos para garantizar un equilibrio de intereses [Protection against imposing unfavorable contract terms by the dominant party in the russian legislation: Issues of ensuring the balance of convenience]. Jurídicas CUC, 16(1), 251-268. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.16.1.2020.10
Shafazhinskaya, N., Zharov, A., Telezhko, I., & Saenko, N. (2023). Raising teaching efficiency: Teaching translation of business correspondence to economics students. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 12(2), 590-597. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2023.2.590
Shemetov, V. B. (2010). EN 15038: 2006 Translation service – Service requirements – Novyi vyzov rossiiskomu perevodcheskomu soobshchestvu? [EN 15038: 2006 Translation service – Service requirements – A new challenge to the Russian translation community?]. PNRPU Linguistics and Pedagogy Bulletin, 4, 33-39.
Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation. (1993). Fundamentals of the Legislation of the Russian Federation on the Notariate of February 11, 1993, No. 4462-1 (as amended on July 10, 2023). http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102021541
Suu, N. Q., & Tung, B. H. (2023). New Theoretical Perceptions of the Control of State Powers in Building the Rule-of-Law State. Revista De Gestão Social E Ambiental, 17(7), e03704. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n7-018
The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. (2012). Regulation (EU) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012, No. 1215/2012 “On jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters”. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32012R1215
United Nations General Assembly. (1988). Body of principles for the protection of all persons under any form of detention or imprisonment adopted by General Assembly Resolution 43/173 of 9 December 1988. https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/detent.shtml
Vinnikov, A. V. (2013). O mirovykh zakonomernostiakh politseiskogo i sudebnogo perevoda [About world regularities of police and judicial transfer]. Eurasian Advocacy, 1(2), 89-103.
Vysotskaya, N., Evgrafova, I., Vasyukov, V., & Avdalyan, A. (2022). The impact of the digital transformation of public relations on the development of legal regulation in the provision of public services. Revista Jurídica, 3(70), 792-803.
Wagner, M.-N., Kupriyanova, M., Maximova, O., & Ovezova, U. (2023). Development of a methodology for improving the efficiency of teaching written translation of business correspondence (WTBC) for economics students. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania [Perspectives of Science and Education], 63(3), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2023.3.8
Wu, X., Chelyapina, O., Kapustina, D., Avrutina, A., & Mussaui-Ulianishcheva, K. (2023). The semiosphere as a generator of intra- and intercultural translations. Southern Semiotic Review, 17, 214-253. https://doi.org/10.33234/SSR.17.11
Zenin, S., Kornev, A., Lipen', S., & Tanimov, O. (2022). Trends in developing lawmaking activities in the Russian legal system during the digitalization of public relations. Revista Jurídica, 2(69), 767-777.
Zhatkanbayeva, A., Tuyakbayeva, N., Jangabulova, A., Tasbulatova, A., & Adilgazy, S. (2017). Review on legal issues of socially vulnerable groups of population (old people, children, etc.). Ponte, 73(5), 211-222. https://doi.org/10.21506/j.ponte.2017.5.46
Adygezalova, G., Faroi, T., Kovalеva V., Yakovleva-Chernysheva, A., & Morozova, O. (2023). Funciones y formas de aplicación del poder judicial en la doctrina jurídica rusa [Functions and forms of implementation of judicial power in the Russian legal doctrine]. Justicia, 28(43), 33-42.
Afanasev, M. V. (2019). Ugolovno-pravovaia kharakteristika poniatiia “sostoianie opianeniia” v otechestvennom i zarubezhnom ugolovnom prave: XVIII v. – nachalo XX v. [Criminal law characteristic of the concept of “state of intoxication” in domestic and foreign criminal law: XVIII v. – beginning of the XX century]. Legal Bulletin, 4(1), 22-28.
Afanasev, M. V. (2020). Zarubezhnyi opyt ugolovno-ispolnitelnogo zakonodatelstva stran sodruzhestva nezavisimykh gosudarstv po ispolneniiu nakazaniia v vide lisheniia prava zanimat opredelennye dolzhnosti ili zanimatsia opredelennoi deiatelnostiu [Foreign experience of the criminal-executive legislation the Commonwealth of Independent States countries on punishment execution in the form of deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or to engage in certain activities]. Legal Bulletin, 5(2), 41-48.
Annushkin, V. I., Shalamova, T. V., & Shtukareva, E. B. (2021). Zhanr novogodnikh pozdravitelnykh tekstov v sotsialnykh setiakh [Genre of New Year greetings in social networks]. Zanry Reci, 2(3), 144-153.
Avdeev, V., Rozenko, S., Bulygin, A., Aksenov, A., & Kalabuzarov, T. (2023). Information space and society: Exploring negative trends, ideological influence, and strategies for sustainable development. Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual, 2(40), 1-18.
Babintseva, E., Kartseva, E., Mansur, D., & Trifonova, E. (2023). Linguistic means of manipulation in English fiction: B. Shaw’s works. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(6), 1394-1402. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1306.07
Bajčić, M., & Dobrić Basaneže, K. (2016). Towards the professionalization of legal translators and court interpreters in the EU: Introduction and overview. In M. Bajčić, & K. Dobrić Basaneže (Eds.), Towards the professionalization of legal translators and court interpreters in the EU (pp. 1-11). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Borodina, A. V. (2019). Notarialnyi perevod v svete problematiki iuridicheskogo perevoda: Istoricheskii kontekst i sovremennye problemy [Notary translation in the light of legal translation: Historical context and contemporary challenges]. Vestnik TvGU Series: Philology, 4, 225-231.
Borodina, A. V. (2020). Notarialnyi perevod v svete razvitiia instituta sudebnykh (prisiazhnykh) perevodchikov: Kamo griadeshi? [Notarized translation in the light of court interpreters (sworn translators) institution development: Whither goest thou?]. Translation Industry, 1, 37-43.
Bushev, A. B. (2011). Voprosy iuridicheskogo perevoda [Issues of legal translation]. In Iazyk i pravo: Aktualnye problemy vzaimodeistviia. Materials of the International scientific and practical internet conference (pp. 27-36). Rostov-on-Don: Rosizdat.
Chibisova, E. Iu. (2009). Pravovoe regulirovanie deiatelnosti perevodchika [Legal regulation of the work of a translator]. Almanac of Modern Science and Education, 7(26), Part 2, 153-157.
Chirkov, D., Plohih, G., Kapustina, D., & Vasyukov, V. (2022). Opportunities for using digital data in evidence for criminal cases. Revista Juridica, 4(71), 364-380.
Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. (Hague, October 5, 1961). http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&link_id=0&nd=203003428&collection=1
Dolgopolov, K., Ivanov, S., Kuzminov, D., Burkin, D., & Smyr, S. (2023). Methodology of Russian criminal law science and its characteristics. Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual, 1(39), e06262.
Ertl, A., & Pöllabauer, S. (2010). Training (medical) interpreters – The key to good practice. MedInt: A joint European training perspective. Journal of Specialised Translation, 14, 165-193.
Framer, I. (2005). Interpreters as officer of the court: Scope and limitations of practice. Proteus, The Newsletter of the National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators, 14(2), 3-5.
Gamzatov, M. G. (2004). Tekhnika i spetsifika iuridicheskogo perevoda: Sb. statei [Techniques and specifics of the legal terminology translation: Collected articles]. St. Petersburg: Faculty of Philology of St. Petersburg State University, 184 p.
Gavrilov, B. Y., Voronin, M. Y., Sizova, V. N., Lapin, V. O., & Demidova-Petrova, E. V. (2022). Tendencias del complejo jurídico-penal en relación a la consolidación legislativa de la categoría de contraversión [Trends of the criminal-legal complex in relation to the legislative consolidation of the misdemeanor category]. Jurídicas CUC, 18(1), 183-198. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.18.1.2022.08
Gonzales-Quispe, R., Robles, E. D. A., Elena, C. R. N., Vila, R. M. C., Tarazona, M. R. P., & Luy-Montejo, C. A. (2023). Credibility of Testimony in the Psychological Expertise of Victims of Violence: A Systematic Review. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), e421. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.421
Gurinovich, A. G., & Petrykina, N. I. (2021). Características del desarrollo de la Institución de Servicio Público: Experiencia Internacional y su aplicación en Rusia [Specifics of developing the Institution of Public Service: International Experience and its application in Russia]. Jurídicas CUC, 17(1), 253-276. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.17.1.2021.09
Hale, S. (2003). Some questions answered about court interpreting. The Critical Link - A Quarterly Journal Dedicated to Interpreting in the Social, Health Care and Legal Sectors, 1, 20-24.
Kinderknekht, A. S. (2015). Osobennosti perevoda iuridicheskikh tekstov [Specific issues in legal translation]. Scientific Notes of Orel State University. Philology, 5(68), 123-127.
Korotaeva, I., & Chuksina, O. (2020). Perspectives on the improving quality of language education: The case of Moscow Aviation Institute. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(8), 3392-3397. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080812
Larin, A. A., & Obidina, L. B. (2016). Uchastie perevodchika v sude i na dosudebnykh stadiiakh protsessa: Problemy i puti ikh resheniia [Court and prejudicial translators and interpreters: Problems and potential solutions]. Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod, 3, 143-147.
Larin, A. A., & Obidina, L. B. (2020). Pravovoe regulirovanie sudebnogo perevoda v Rossii i ES: Obshchie problemy i puti resheniia [Legal framework of court translation and interpreting in Russia and EU: Similar problems and solutions]. Legality and Legal Order, 1, 10-14.
Levitan, K. M. (2011). Iuridicheskii perevod: Osnovy teorii i praktiki [Legal translation: Basics of theory and practice]. Moscow: Prospekt; Ekaterinburg: Publishing house “Uralskaia gosudarstvennaia iuridicheskaia akademiia”, 352 p.
Member States of the Council of Europe. (1992). European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of November 5, 1992, No. 148. https://rm.coe.int/1680695175
Mukhachev, I., Gondarenko, A., Gryaznov, D., Avanesova, A., Abgarov, S. (2023). Role of Positive Law in Preventing Regulatory Inflation. Revista Juridica, 3(75), 332-345.
Oziumenko, V. I. (2015). Polisemantichnost angliiskoi iuridicheskoi leksiki kak problema perevoda [Polysemy of English legal lexis and the problems of translation]. RUDN Journal, 2, 92-94.
Pisenko, K. A., & Botvinnik, S. L. (2020). Protección contra la imposición de cláusulas abusivas por parte de la posición dominante en la legislación rusa: Aspectos para garantizar un equilibrio de intereses [Protection against imposing unfavorable contract terms by the dominant party in the russian legislation: Issues of ensuring the balance of convenience]. Jurídicas CUC, 16(1), 251-268. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.16.1.2020.10
Shafazhinskaya, N., Zharov, A., Telezhko, I., & Saenko, N. (2023). Raising teaching efficiency: Teaching translation of business correspondence to economics students. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 12(2), 590-597. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2023.2.590
Shemetov, V. B. (2010). EN 15038: 2006 Translation service – Service requirements – Novyi vyzov rossiiskomu perevodcheskomu soobshchestvu? [EN 15038: 2006 Translation service – Service requirements – A new challenge to the Russian translation community?]. PNRPU Linguistics and Pedagogy Bulletin, 4, 33-39.
Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation. (1993). Fundamentals of the Legislation of the Russian Federation on the Notariate of February 11, 1993, No. 4462-1 (as amended on July 10, 2023). http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102021541
Suu, N. Q., & Tung, B. H. (2023). New Theoretical Perceptions of the Control of State Powers in Building the Rule-of-Law State. Revista De Gestão Social E Ambiental, 17(7), e03704. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n7-018
The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. (2012). Regulation (EU) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012, No. 1215/2012 “On jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters”. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32012R1215
United Nations General Assembly. (1988). Body of principles for the protection of all persons under any form of detention or imprisonment adopted by General Assembly Resolution 43/173 of 9 December 1988. https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/detent.shtml
Vinnikov, A. V. (2013). O mirovykh zakonomernostiakh politseiskogo i sudebnogo perevoda [About world regularities of police and judicial transfer]. Eurasian Advocacy, 1(2), 89-103.
Vysotskaya, N., Evgrafova, I., Vasyukov, V., & Avdalyan, A. (2022). The impact of the digital transformation of public relations on the development of legal regulation in the provision of public services. Revista Jurídica, 3(70), 792-803.
Wagner, M.-N., Kupriyanova, M., Maximova, O., & Ovezova, U. (2023). Development of a methodology for improving the efficiency of teaching written translation of business correspondence (WTBC) for economics students. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania [Perspectives of Science and Education], 63(3), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2023.3.8
Wu, X., Chelyapina, O., Kapustina, D., Avrutina, A., & Mussaui-Ulianishcheva, K. (2023). The semiosphere as a generator of intra- and intercultural translations. Southern Semiotic Review, 17, 214-253. https://doi.org/10.33234/SSR.17.11
Zenin, S., Kornev, A., Lipen', S., & Tanimov, O. (2022). Trends in developing lawmaking activities in the Russian legal system during the digitalization of public relations. Revista Jurídica, 2(69), 767-777.
Zhatkanbayeva, A., Tuyakbayeva, N., Jangabulova, A., Tasbulatova, A., & Adilgazy, S. (2017). Review on legal issues of socially vulnerable groups of population (old people, children, etc.). Ponte, 73(5), 211-222. https://doi.org/10.21506/j.ponte.2017.5.46
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